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The Kingdom of Galicia ((ガリシア語:Reino de Galicia, ''or'' Galiza); (スペイン語:Reino de Galicia); (ポルトガル語:Reino da Galiza); (ラテン語:Galliciense Regnum)) was a political entity located in southwestern Europe, which at its territorial zenith occupied the entire northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. Founded by Suebic king Hermeric in 409, the Galician capital was established in Braga, being the first kingdom which adopted Catholicism officially and minted its own currency (year 449). After the temporal rule of the Visigothic monarchs (585–711), Galicia became a part of the newly founded Christian kingdoms of the Northwest of the peninsula, Asturias and León, while occasionally achieving independence under the authority of its own kings. Compostela became capital of Galicia in the 11th century, while the independence of Portugal (1128) determined its southern boundary. The accession of Castilian King Ferdinand III to the Leonese kingdom in 1230 brought Galicia under the control of the Crown of Castile, the kingdom of Galicia becoming an administrative division within the larger realm. Galicia resisted central control, supporting a series of alternative claimants, including John of León, Galicia and Seville (1296), Ferdinand I of Portugal (1369) and John of Gaunt (1386), and was not brought firmly into submission until the Catholic Monarchs imposed the Santa Hermandad in Galicia. The kingdom of Galicia was then administered within the Crown of Castile (1490–1715) and later the Crown of Spain (1715–1833) by an ''Audiencia Real'' directed by a Governor which holds also the office of Captain General. The representative assembly of the Kingdom was then the Junta or Cortes of the Kingdom of Galicia, which briefly declared itself sovereign when Galicia alone remained free of Napoleonic occupation (1808–1809). The kingdom and its ''Junta'' were dissolved by Maria Cristina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies, Regent of Spain, in 1834. ==Origin and foundation (410)== The origin of the kingdom lies in the 5th century, when the Suebi settled permanently in the former Roman province of ''Gallaecia''. Their king, Hermeric, probably〔This is a debated point, completely denied by Thompson (2002: 160), but cf. .〕 signed a ''foedus'', or pact, with the Roman Emperor Honorius, which conceded them lands in Galicia. The Suebi set their capital in the former Bracara Augusta, setting the foundations of a kingdom which was first acknowledged as ''Regnum Suevorum'' (Kingdom of the Suebi), but later as ''Regnum Galliciense'' (Kingdom of Galicia). A century later, the differences between Gallaeci and Suebi people had faded, leading to the systematic use of terms like ''Galliciense Regnum''〔''Historia Francorum''. Grégoire de Tours.〕 (Galician Kingdom), ''Regem Galliciae''〔''De scriptoribus ecclesiasticis''. Sigebertus Gembalensis.〕 (King of Galicia), ''Rege Suevorum'' (King of Suebi), and ''Galleciae totius provinciae rex'' (king of all Galician provinces),〔RISCO, M., España Sagrada 40- 41.〕 while bishops, such as Martin of Braga, were recognized as ''episcopi Gallaecia''〔''Martini Episcopi Bracarensis Opera Omnia'' pp. 288–304.〕 (Bishop of Galicia). 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kingdom of Galicia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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